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The Most Influential Scientists, Albert Einstein

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“One of the most influential scientists of the 20th century, Albert Einstein, was a physicist who developed the theory of relativity.” Biography.com “In 1921, he won the Nobel Prize in Physics for explaining the photoelectric effect.” Biography.com He was born in 1879 and died in 1955. Einstein was a great genius who believed that college education is only for mediocrity and is a complete waste of time, especially for people with higher IQs. He alienated many professors by missing their Federal Institute of Technology Zurich classes. Hence, after graduation, he faced a great deal of difficulty in finding steady work. He finally found a position as a clerk in 1902 at the patent office. His extraordinary capabilities in Math and Physics did not remain obscure, though, and these are the reasons why he got into the university in the first place. Soon, his revolutionary papers were published in the top Physics journals like Annalen der Physik. He also discovered Brownian motion and drafted E=mc2, which led to the development of atomic bombs. “He was convinced of the merits of general relativity because it allowed for a more accurate prediction of planetary orbits around the sun, which fell short in Isaac Newton’s theory.” Biography.com, His IQ is estimated to be one of highest ever, but he falls behind people like Da Vinci, Marilyn Vos Savant, Marie Curie, Nikola Tesla, and Nicolaus Copernicus. The biggest flaw in his theory of relativity was that he predicted the universe is neither expanding nor contracting. He also had doubts about Quantum Mechanics, which was coming out around the same time. He thought it was not natural science and famously called Quantum Entanglement a spooky action at a distance. Until his death, he tried to unify relativity and Quantum mechanics with a theory of everything without any significant success.

“Einstein believed in a cosmic religion that orchestrated the orderliness and sublime beauty of a great universe and favoured determinism over free will.” Christies.com. He belonged to a type of Deism. Deism refuses the personal God and organized religions. It is a philosophy of a Cause that created natural laws and, as a general principle, does not interfere in its day-to-day affairs. But like any programmer, it reserves the right to interfere in the virtual reality we all experience in life and the universe. For this reason, occasionally, the cause may also answer to prayer and maybe do something that looks like defying the natural laws or miracles.
Besides assuming a fixed size of the Universe, the relativity hypothesis has other more profound flaws, although an improvement on Newton’s theories. Relativity conflicts with quantum mechanics, the most proven theory in all physics and sciences. It does not and cannot explain the fundamental facts of Quantum Mechanics like Wave Function collapse, quantum entanglement, Probability and the existence of the same particle at more than places simultaneously. Relativity puts a cap on the maximum attainable speed in this universe. Still, entangled particles communicate instantaneously much faster than the speed of light, which is not possible in relativity theories. Relativity assumes the speed of light as the fundamental reality, but it is not. The fundamental reality turns out to be consciousness, and everything around us that appears as reality is a virtual reality projected by consciousness. What we experience is all an illusion.

In many ways, scientifically speaking, consciousness is still a puzzle. “Perhaps no aspect of mind is more familiar or puzzling than consciousness and our conscious experience of self and world.” Plato.stanford.edu. Humans have been beings puzzled by consciousness forever. “I do not say there is no soul in man because he is not sensible of it in his sleep. But I say he can not think, wake up or sleep without being sensible. Being sensible of it is not necessary to anything but our thoughts; to them, it is and always will be necessary.” John Locke, An Essay on Human Understanding (1688). “Locke’s contemporary G.W. Leibniz, drawing possible inspiration from his mathematical work on differentiation and integration, offered a theory of mind in the Discourse on Metaphysics (1686) that allowed for infinitely many degrees of consciousness and perhaps even for some thoughts that were unconscious, the so-called “petites perceptions” Plato.stanford.edu.

Immanuel Kant believed, “Cognition requires concepts as well as percepts.”  Plato.stanford.edu Although we know now with great certainty that the mind borrows concepts and precepts from another more fundamental source, often termed consciousness. Freud thought, “Sigmund Freud believed that behaviour and personality were derived from the constant and unique interaction of conflicting psychological forces that operate at three levels of awareness: the preconscious, conscious, and unconscious minds.” verywellmind.com Preconscious is now called consciousness, unconscious is now termed involuntary, and conscious is now termed voluntary actions. Contrary to Freud’s views, these do not contradict each other. These are harmonious forces that act in a cooperative manner, together constituting individual personalities. Freud identified several unconscious factors that may negatively affect conscious behaviour. These factors together are now called memory, experiences and wisdom.

Contrary to Freud, these may have positive and negative views on behaviour. Freud also considered the slips of the tongue as unconscious. “According to Freud, thoughts and emotions outside our awareness continue to influence our behaviours, even though we are unaware (unconscious) of these underlying influences.” verywellmind.com According to Freud, “The contents of the conscious mind include all of the things that you are actively aware of.” verywellmind.com, now termed as voluntary actions.
Now, a vast body of evidence and experiments show neither the brain nor the mind is fundamental. Instead, consciousness is the most fundamental reality. “When the looker cannot be seen, and other sensory cues are excluded, the sense of being stared at, also called somaesthesia, is impossible from the conventional point of view” The Nature of Visual Perception: Could a Longstanding Debate Be Resolved Empirically? Alex Gomez–Marin Instituto de Neurociencias (CSIC-UMH). Rupert Sheldrake Schumacher College.

Psychologist Gerald Winer and his colleagues at Ohio State University “were shocked to discover that most people, including a majority of their own students, believed that in vision an influence was leaving the eyes, as well as light coming in, namely, “that the process of vision includes emanations from the eyes, an idea that is consistent with the extramission theory of perception, which was originally professed by early Greek philosophers and which persisted in scholarly circles for centuries.” The Nature of Visual Perception: Could a Longstanding Debate Be Resolved Empirically? Alex Gomez–Marin Instituto de Neurociencias (CSIC-UMH). Rupert Sheldrake Schumacher College.